Mapping Methodism - St Agnes, Higher Bal or Beacon Wesleyan Chapel
Higher Bal is a small community in St Agnes parish. The first Wesleyan chapel there was built in 1814. This profile has been compiled by Clive Benney & Tony Mansell.
1814: Chapel built. (R Symons of Truro). Location unknown.
1825: “No Society” recorded in R Symons circuit record so we assume that it foundered.
1837: Chapel built.
1842: Chapel opened which suggests a lengthy construction period.
1849: New Society formed although should, perhaps, state re-formed.
The Chapel seems to have served the community for the next 30 years but in November 1870 the chapel was seriously damaged during a storm; a wall collapsed and brought the roof crashing down. It was beyond repair and probably demolished to provide a site for the 1874 chapel.
1874: New chapel built – possibly on the site of the 1837 chapel.
1874 – 18th January: New chapel opened.



1900 circa: The St Agnes Wesleyan leaders agreed that the members at Beacon would be constituted into a separate society.
1908: The chapel was enlarged and the event was celebrated with a tea and a public meeting. At this time there was no schoolroom.
1930s – 1940s: New chapel being built on adjacent site.
1940s assumed: The 1874 chapel converted into a dwelling.
1940s assumed: The new chapel opened.
1986: The 1940s chapel closed as a place of worship. (Rev. David Easton)
1986 – July: The building was sold and converted into a dwelling.
1986: Services transferred to the Sunday school
1987: The final service was led by Mrs Christine Roberts (West Briton 3rd September 1987)
1987: Sunday school closed. (Rev. David Easton)
There is one little mystery about the 1874 chapel in that the date of 1837 is displayed on the gable. It was only after talking to Margaret Bonner in Chapel Coth that the reason became clear. The owner discovered that a chapel had been built in the 1830s and he assumed that the date 1870s date displayed was incorrect and altered it to 1837. That was, of course, the date of the previous chapel which may well have stood on the same spot.
Mapping Methodism - St Agnes or Bryannack Wesleyan Chapel
St Agnes Wesleyan Chapel was built in the early 1860s as a successor to the Goonown Wesleyan Chapel which was some distance from the centre of the village. This profile was compiled by Clive Benney and Tony Mansell who wrote “I Rode to St Agnes”, the history of this chapel.
In May 1858, the Goonown Chapel trustees withdrew the necessary funds from the Cornish Bank in Truro and purchased a piece of land from the Bryannack Estate. Their intention was to build a new Methodist place of worship in St Agnes (Bryannack being the ancient name for the village), in a more central position. It was a bold move and a new board of trustees was appointed to oversee the project.
The conveyance of the land in British Road for £420 was signed on behalf of the vendors: “James Prout (mine agent) and James Rogers (shopkeeper) both of St Agnes in Cornwall (1) [and by the purchasing trustees] Thomas Martin Ninnis (mine agent), John Hancock (mine agent), Thomas Blenkinsop (accountant), Richard Rickard (cordwainer), Richard Davies (mine agent), Edward Penrose (hatter), Elisha Rowe (shopkeeper), Sampson Hooper (Miner), Nicholas Bryant (builder), John Goyne the younger (accountant), John Cock (yeoman), John Evans (founder), John Peters (yeoman), William Butson (yeoman), Henry Peters (minor) [probably miner] and Nicholas Langdon (mason) all of St Agnes … Paul Clarke (yeoman) and Thomas Michell (Minor) [probably miner] of Perranzabuloe … and Sampson Stephens of Penryn … (2) and the Revd Peter Parsons of St Agnes (Supt Preacher of Circuit in Wesleyan Methodist Connexion …) (3)” (Deeds)
1858: “The following were appointed trustees: James Rogers, Thomas M Ninnis, John Hancock, Thomas Blenkinsop, Richard Davies, Edmund Penrose, Richard Rickard, Elisha Rowe, Samuel Hooper, Nicholas Bryant, John Evans, John Peters, William Butson, Henry Peters, Nicholas Langdon, John Goyne, John Cock, Sampson Stephens and Thomas Mitchell.” (1964 Re-opening souvenir programme)
The area not required for the chapel – two fields, barn, stable and mowhay, continued to be farmed by the trustees.
1860 – 18th April: At the first trustees’ meeting, they resolved to build a new Chapel. A building committee was set up. (1964 Re-opening souvenir programme)
Mr Richards of Redruth instructed to produce plans. (1964 Re-opening souvenir programme) The Chapel was to be 65 feet long by 50 feet wide which, with a balcony, would seat about 900 people.
1860 – 23rd May: The tender of Mr Abraham Delbridge was accepted provided he agreed to build according to plans and specifications.
1860 – 9th July: Foundation stone laid.
The building stone was from local sources; about 670 tons was transported from Boddy’s Quarry in Jericho Valley and a further 380 tons brought in from Polberro Quarry.
1861: Mounting difficulties with the contractor. Eventually the situation became so bad that the trustees paid Mr Delbridge for the work he had carried out and dismissed him from the job. The trustees then took on the job of organising the remainder of the work. Various sections were let and it would seem that the project proceeded more smoothly. There was certainly no problem with the woodwork carried out by John Roseveare of Truro.
The seating capacity was 950 and the total cost, including land, was £2,027.19s.9d.
Nine large camphene lamps were purchased to light the Chapel on the ground floor and ten for the gallery with two smaller ones for the platforms and two for the lobbies.
1862 – 18th June: Chapel opened.
“… Vicarage (a large suberb so called), where the Wesleyans have recently erected a large, well-built, and handsome chapel.” (Lake’s Parochial History of the County of Cornwall).
1863: Additional lights installed.
1864: Font and table for communion added.
1862: Sunday services transferred to here from the old Goonown Chapel.
1872 – 22nd July: Organ installed by George Hele of Plymouth.
1882: Rostrum and communion rail installed.
1901: New vestry formed.
1920: It must have been with a mixture of sadness and pride that this huge crowd gathered in the Chapel grounds on the 14th February 1920 to witness the unveiling of the new war memorial. It was very unusual for one to be located in the grounds of a Methodist chapel but in St Agnes there was no room by the Parish Church.
Henry Letcher made “periodic” repairs to the Chapel timepiece.
1922: Mr M Hodge was paid £69 for new seats.
1926: Charles Chegwin, builder and St Agnes bandsman, built a ladies’ toilet.
1928: Electricity installed.
1936: Richard Waters (Captain Dick Waters or Cap’n Dick) had donated £600 to floor in the gallery. He could foresee that the 960-seater building would be much too large for future needs. He must have been very shrewd because he included a caveat that the money should not be used for any other purpose than that stipulated viz. to floor in the gallery. If they wanted the money, they had to comply exactly with his wishes.
1943 – January: a controversial idea was floated: John Angwin asked if consideration could be given to carrying out alterations to the Chapel in order that the congregation could be seated on one level. A sub-committee was formed with the remit to investigate the possibility of converting the gallery into the Chapel and using the ground floor as a schoolroom. The committee comprised the Revd W N Warren, J R S Bennetts, R Waters, A E Reynolds, J E Tredinnick and John Angwin.
1947: The St Agnes Methodist News Bulletin of June 1947 wrote of a double celebration on the 6th July 1947: the 85th anniversary of the opening of the Chapel for public worship and the 200th anniversary of the first visit of the Revd John Wesley to St Agnes.
1947: It was interesting to find a reference to “Big Chapel” in the October 1947 News Bulletin. Perhaps this nickname has been largely forgotten but then, and possibly for some time before, it was in regular use.
1950: Building work deferred due to shortage of construction material.
1952: For many, the single floor Chapel was the answer. Funding was still a problem but the trustees felt that it was important to find out how everyone felt about the scheme in principle. It was agreed to canvass the views of the congregation. Bill Morrison wrote that many opposed the idea and that when the votes were counted those against had won the day. He recalled one old lady with a particular concern who said, “They’ll end up having pantomimes in the hall – heaven above and hell below.”
1955: The Sunday school Council pleaded that new or altered premises were urgently needed. The trustees called a meeting of interested parties to discuss possible solutions. For some, the division of the Chapel was a step too far. There was horror at the idea of scrapping the large pulpit and many felt it was wrong that people would be forced to climb the stairs to worship. Mr Tredinnick explained that it would be an easy stair, each step would only have a small rise. Matt Radcliffe was not to be swayed and said that he supposed it would be so easy that it would be like going downhill. For one reason or another the proposal was rejected once again. (Bill Morrison)
1957-1957: Proposed alterations discussed again. The traditionalists in the congregation must have wondered what they had to do to defeat the proposal as in spite of this recent rejection, the scheme for a first floor Chapel was still on the table and continued to appear on meeting agendas. Clearly the idea was not going to go away and when it was raised again, Mr A E Reynolds, Mr W C Pope, Mr L Roberts and Mr J E Tredinnick were tasked with investigating the likely cost.
1960: New kitchen was formed in the north vestry. For many, however, the creation of a single-level Chapel with schoolroom under was the ultimate aim.
1961: Most of the unused land was sold. The farm and garden where Castle Meadows now stands was sold and added to the money already set aside. The trustees pledged to raise a further £1,000 and the various sections of the chapel also had their targets. Unfortunately, Dick Waters’ original £600 had been invested in a safe Government stock and was now worth only £400. Despite this reduction in value his contribution had ensured that his scheme was adopted but, according to Bill Morrison, some felt that the opportunity for a more drastic change was missed.
1961: Trustees: Alfred Ernest Solomon, Joseph Edwin Tredinnick, Thomas Victor Trezise, John Berryman, Nicholas Charles Thomas, Maxwell Thomas Walter Hocking, William Hume Morrison, Agnes Butcher, Mary Frances Oates, Lester Roberts, Roger Williams, William Joseph Ronald Murrish, Albert Edward Reynolds, William Clyde Pope, James Redvers Stephens Bennetts, William Roy Blewett, Richard James Olds, Noel Hoskins, Christine Emily Morrison, Gertrude Margaret Davey, Elsie Irene Vanstone, Henry Russell Roberts and Bessie Edwina Tredinnick.
1961: The Trust signalled its intent as it appointed a new committee to pursue the single floor Chapel. It consisted of Mrs M Davey, Miss E Vanstone, Mr W H Morrison, Mr N Hoskins, Mr R Murrish, Mr A E Reynolds and Mr J E Tredinnick; they set to work.
1962: The Revd Raymond Foster took over the reins at St Agnes and inherited the plan for the building alterations. There was renewed impetus amongst the trustees and according to the minutes, three schemes emerged:
- To floor in the well of the gallery.
- To remove the gallery and build a new first floor.
- To erect a new building with two vestries.
The second scheme was the preferred option, but it was ruled out because of the cost. After considerable discussion, the first option finally emerged as favourite. The building would be divided horizontally with a ground floor hall, vestries, kitchen and toilets and a first floor Chapel to seat 350 people – Cap’n Dick’s caveat had won the day. Tony Gribben was asked to prepare some sketch plans for Mr K E Rundle of Cowell, Drewitt and Wheatley of Truro who was appointed architect.
“Raymond Foster steered the trustees through many meetings and problems after the architect’s first plans. The heating system was an afterthought and had to be considered later, when people found that they were not warm enough. The provision of one toilet was considered inadequate despite it being continually referred to by the architect as ‘the toilets.’ The design of the front area raised some objections with the pulpit placed to one side in a Society where preaching was central, an altar for the Eucharist instead of a table for the Lord’s Supper and a heavy communion rail that seemed to fence off the leaders from the people in what is essentially a lay church. But the architect won the day, as architects often do, by warning that the work would not be finished in time for the opening ceremony if any alterations were made. The trustees did have the last word on one point, the colour of the organ pipes. Mr Rundle had wanted lime green but they insisted on shocking pink, or so some people called it, although the colour chart said terra cotta. The total cost in 1964 was £7,578, an astronomical amount. But we went ahead.” (Bill Morrison wrote)
The Vicar and members of St Agnes Anglican Church kindly gave permission for services to be held in the Church Hall while the work was carried out.
1964 – January: The Sunday school dispersed to various private houses.
The Revd B A R Morris conducted the last service in the two-floor Chapel and the artefacts were hurriedly removed to make way for the contractors. It was a major project and it was hoped that work would proceed more smoothly than back in the 1860s when the Chapel was built.
1964 – January: St Agnes builder W H Waters awarded the contract.
The “free seats” from the sides of the old Chapel were to be re-used in the centre but they had previously been set against a wall and whereas one end was ornately carved, the other was not. Jimmy Olds set to with his chisels and glasspaper and did a superb job of replicating the carving on the blank ends. When these were replaced with chairs in the late 1990s a few were retained for use downstairs, but most were sold. The pews in the original balcony were retained in place but the pew doors were later removed to aid escape in the event of a fire.
1986: New coffee lounge built by Bernard True of St Agnes. The final cost was about £40.000.
By 2009 the kitchen facilities were proving inadequate for current needs, particularly for the twice-monthly cooked meals prepared for the elderly folk of the parish. A new kitchen to modern standards was needed. It was formed within the existing hall, on the north side in a space partly occupied by a store. The old kitchen servery on the other side of the room was removed so the loss of usable floor space was minimal. The cost, including all the equipment, was about £40,000.
(1) Rev. David Easton
(2) 1964 St Agnes Chapel Reopening Souvenir Programme
Mapping Methodism - St Agnes (Rosemundy) New Connexion Chapel
St Agnes is a village on the north coast of Cornwall. This chapel was built in 1835 and its original denomination was New Connexion. This profile has been compiled by Clive Benney & Tony Mansell.
1835: The Chapel was built following a split with the Wesleyan Methodists at Goonown.
1865 or earlier: General William Booth, the travelling evangelist and founder of the Salvation Army is said to have preached there.
1923: The members held regular tea treats in the adjoining field, “The scholars of the United Methodist Sunday school held their annual tea on Saturday. Fine weather and the presence of St Agnes Town Band brought together a large number in the evening.” (Royal Cornwall Gazette July 1923)
1924: The Chapel closed due to lack of support. The Wesleyans of St Agnes were quick to extend the hand of friendship: they sent invitations to all of the UMC members inviting them to attend a prayer meeting at the Wesleyan Chapel and to unite with them in their services.
1925: “The Trustees of the old Methodist New Connexion have sold their Chapel by auction for £240.” (Royal Cornwall Gazette 17th June 1925) the “The Trevaunance Masonic Lodge of St Agnes purchased the building.
Mapping Methodism - St Agnes, Trevaunance Coombe Wesleyan Chapel
St Agnes is a village on the north coast of Cornwall. This little Wesleyan chapel, near the beach, seems to have been first used for religious worship in 1865. This profile has been compiled by Clive Benney & Tony Mansell.
The building is believed to be the cottage now called “The Fragments”.
1865: Quay Chapel appears on the Preachers’ Plan.
Referred to as Trevaunance Coombe Chapel (perhaps they were not the same building).
1880: Appears on the Ordnance Survey map.
1920 or earlier: Chapel closed.
1920: St Agnes Wesleyan Society payments for ground rent and cleaning costs ended. but the payments ended in 1920 suggesting that it had ceased to be used for worship by then or even earlier.
1920 – March: George Higgins received four shillings (20p) for removing the seats and taking them to Goonown Schoolroom.
Mapping Methodism - St Agnes Parish Open Air Methodist Preaching
The list of preaching houses and chapels in St Agnes is extensive and there are probably others yet to be discovered. Alan Green of Goonown talks of the possibility of an old chapel in the valley below Butson’s Farm, Goonown, there may have been another in Mithian Woods and Two Traps Chapel was near Banns (probably the now demolished Bryanite chapel at Towan Cross).
In the early days of Methodism, small meetings were often held in people’s houses or in preaching houses, but these were clearly too small for the crowds drawn to listen to John Wesley and he had to preach in the open air. Ironically, John Wesley had resisted preaching in the open air until persuaded to do so by fellow Methodist, George Whitefield.
Gradually the societies built their chapels and in 1760, John Wesley wrote, “The congregation at St Agnes in the evening was, I suppose, double to that of Port Isaac. We had nearly as many on Tuesday the 9th at five in the morning as the Preaching House could contain.” This statement makes it clear that the village had a preaching house of some sort by this time although where it was remains a mystery as the large chapel at Goonown had yet to be built.
In the “Chronological History of the People called Methodists” by W Myles it states that 1780 is the date of the first Methodist Chapel in St Agnes but this must be wrong considering John Wesley’s comment unless, of course, he is making a distinction between a preaching house and a chapel. Wesley himself made a distinction between a preaching house and a meeting house.
Open Air Preaching Locations
In 1762 Wesley referred to the death of the curate, Mr Phelps. He attended the memorial service in the Church and as it ended, the rain and wind arrived. A crowd had gathered to hear him preach and he wrote, “No house could contain the people neither could I preach as before on the top of the hill; I therefore made a halt at the bottom. The congregation gathered round me in a few minutes; we were tolerably sheltered from the wind and the rain ceased till I had done.” From this it seems that Churchtown was a regular meeting place for open-air preaching with the more sheltered area of Peterville used when the weather was stormy.
In 1776 John Wesley wrote, “… I rode on horseback to St Agnes, where the rain constrained me to preach in the house”. It seems that his preference would have been to preach outside.
Colin Butson of Goonown recalled a tradition within his family that John Wesley preached in the open-air at Goonown: “… from the steps of Butson’s barn”.
“On one of those occasions he [John Wesley] is said to have stood on a mound in front of a cottage on the corner of Vicarage Road and Penwinnick Road; where Dales Garage and The Cornish Range shop are now.” (Written by Bill Morrison in the first journal of the St Agnes Museum Trust 1985)
It is claimed that Methodism in Porthtowan has existed since 1796, maybe earlier if we include Aunt Betty Chegwin’s open-air classes in Tom Tonkin’s garden.
The Revd Thomas Shaw wrote: “… a young Methodist and mine manager, Thomas Garland, arranged the use of a cottage belonging to Tom Tonkin, the middle of a row of thatched cottages just below where the chapel now stands. If ever that was not convenient then they could meet in Tom’s garden under a cherry tree where Betty Chegwin held her meetings. He wrote, “The first class was held on the 26th February 1796 and its members were mostly elderly women”.
It seems certain that there were other open air preaching locations within St Agnes Parish and information on these, or in any other area, will be welcomed at mappingmethodism@gmail.com
Mapping Methodism - St Agnes, Cameron Estate Methodist Chapel
Cameron Estate Methodist Chapel was created on an ex-military camp on St Agnes Headland. This profile has been compiled by Clive Bennet and Tony Mansell.
Following the abandonment of the military camp on St Agnes headland at the end of the Second World War many servicemen and local families occupied the empty buildings. Faced with the problem of where to re-house them the local authority took a pragmatic view and recognised the families as council tenants.
Once the civilian community was established both the Anglicans and the Methodists became involved. The Revd Joe Ridholls asked Councillor Eddie Tredinnick if a suitable building could be found for a Methodist chapel and was given the keys to an old store. It needed a lot of work but with the help of Albert Reynolds and Jimmy Olds a place of worship was created.
Regular services began and the Revd Joe Ridholls, assisted by Marlene Ball (née Skewes), Bill Morrison and Bernard Jones, established a Sunday school. Joe also started a youth club in the old NAAFI; this was eventually linked to the YMCA network.
In 1962, when the Revd Joe Ridholls left the parish, the Chapel became an outpost of the Salvation Army.
Mapping Methodism - St Agnes Wesleyan Whitworth Chapel
The Whitworth family built this small meeting house within the village when the Wesleyan chapel serving the community was located some way away, in Goonown. The profile has been compiled by Clive Benney and Tony Mansell.
1851/52: Meeting house formed at the rear of the Whitworth residence. It was used for prayer meetings for a few years before becoming a domestic garage. By coincidence, the old St Agnes Manse was next door to this garage.